inter aliquos

con-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4 ( fut. convenibo, Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 18), v. n. and a.

To come together, meet together, assemble (class. and freq.).

In gen.:

milites, qui ex provinciā convenerant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

omnes... eo convenerant,

id. ib. 3, 16:

totius fere Galliae legati ad Caesarem gratulatum convenerunt,

id. ib. 1, 30:

quanto multitudo hominum ad hoc judicium,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 11:

amici privatique hospites ad eum defendendum convenerunt,

Nep. Timoth. 4, 2:

ad clamorem hominum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 37:

ad delectationem,

Quint. 3, 4, 6:

Pericles, cum haberet collegam Sophoclem, iique de communi officio convenissent,

id. Off. 1, 40, 144:

nunc ita convenimus, ut possemus dicere, etc.,

id. Phil. 3, 2, 5:

quoniam convenimus ambo,

Verg. E. 5, 1; id. A. 1, 361 al.—With the place to or at which, usu. designated by in and acc.:

mei capitis servandi causā Romam Italia tota convenit,

Cic. Pis. 15, 34; id. Div. 2, 23, 50:

unum in locum omnes,

Caes. B. G. 4, 19:

in coetus scholarum,

Quint. 2, 9, 2:

in consilium frequentes,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 71:

reguli in unum convenere,

Sall. J. 11, 2:

tribuni plebis non desistebant clam inter se convenire,

Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 12:

et ex proximis hibernis et a Caesare conventura subsidia,

Caes. B. G. 5, 28 fin.: convenientis manus dissipare, Auct. B. G. 8, 6.—Rarely with in and abl., or with advv. of place (mostly post-Aug.):

uno in loco omnes adversariorum copiae convenissent,

Cic. Div. 2, 24, 52 B. and K.; cf.: quanta illic multitudo convenisse dicebatur, id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160 B. and K. (al. illuc):

in coloniā Agrippiensi in domum privatam conveniunt,

Tac. H. 4, 55.—

Transf., of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

munera multa huc ab amatoribus,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 44:

huc convenit utrumque bivium,

Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 144; cf.:

oppi dum in quo omnis negotiatio ejus (Arabiae) convenit,

id. 6, 28, 32, § 157:

cum multae causae convenisse unum in locum atque inter se congruere videntur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62; so id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 4, 4.—

In partic.

Publicist. t. t. of civil communities which belong in jurisdiction to some chief city:

ex his civitatibus, quae in id forum convenirent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:

Carthaginem conveniunt populi LXV.,

Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 25; cf.:

ibi Aethiopicae convenere naves,

id. 5, 28, 29, § 105.—

Jurid. t. t.:

in manum, of a woman who in marriage (by usus, confarreatio, or coëmptio, q. v.) comes into the hands (manus) of her husband,

Cic. Fl. 34, 84; id. Top. 3, 14; Quint. 5, 10, 62; Gai Inst. 3, 84:

viro in manum,

Cic. Top. 4, 23:

in manum flaminis,

Tac. A. 4, 16 et saep.—

In the same sense: in matrimonium alicujus,

Dig. 45, 1, 121, § 1:

in matrimonium cum viro,

to marry, Gell. 18, 6, 8; or, in nuptias, Cod. Th. 3, 7, 11.—

Act., to go to one to speak to him, make a request of him, etc., to address, accost, meet, visit:

haut multos homines nunc videre et convenire quam te mavellem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 16; id. Pers. 5, 2, 74 al.; Ter. And. 1, 3, 22:

(Helvetii) cum eum (sc. Caesarem) in itinere convenissent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 27:

adversarios ejus,

Nep. Dion, 8, 3:

illum Atilium,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50:

neminem conveni—convenio autem cottidie plurimos—quin omnes, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 14, 1:

Bruti pueri Laodiceae me convenerunt,

id. ib. 3, 7, 1.— Pass.:

Balbus tantis pedum doloribus afficitur, ut se conveniri nolit,

Cic. Fam. 6, 19, 2:

nec eum (Lentulum) a minore Balbo conventum,

id. Att. 9, 6, 1:

quod conveniundi patris me tempus capere jubebat,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 9; Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 7; Nep. Dion, 9, 3 al. — Absol.:

aditum petentibus conveniendi non dabat,

Nep. Paus. 3, 3.—

Jurid. t. t., to meet one judicially, to sue, bring an action against, summon before a tribunal:

ut heredes ex stipulatu conveniri possint,

Dig. 10, 2, 20; 50, 1, 17:

de peculio,

Paul. Sent. 2, 31:

pro parte dimidiā,

Dig. 17, 1, 59 et saep.—Also with abstr. objects:

dolum aut culpam eorum,

Dig. 26, 7, 38:

nomen,

ib. 42, 1, 15.

Pregn.

To come together, to unite, join, combine, couple (cf. coëo, II.).

Lit., so mostly of the coition of animals, Lucr. 2, 922; Plin. 11, 24, 29, § 85; App. M. 6, p. 177, 38 al.—Of the union of atoms:

Tandem conveniant ea (primordia) quae convecta repente Magnarum rerum fiunt exordia,

Lucr. 5, 429.—

Trop.

With personal subject, to agree with in wishes, decisions, etc., to accord, harmonize (rare;

late Lat.),

Hyg. Astr. 2, 4; Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 29; Paul. Sent. 1, 1, § 5 (but in Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, the v. 130 is spurious; v. Ritschl, prol. ad Trin. p. 131).—Far more freq.,

Res convenit or impers. convenit, it is agreed upon, or there is unanimity in respect to something, the matter is decided.

Res convenit, constr. alicui cum aliquo, inter aliquos, or absol.:

cum his mihi nec locus nec sermo convenit,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 10:

haec fratri mecum non conveniunt neque placent,

Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 34:

de dote mecum conveniri nil potest,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 168:

hoc mihi cum tuo fratre convenit,

Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 87; Liv. 2, 39, 8; Quint. 3, 6, 91:

pax, quae cum T. Quinctio convenisset,

Liv. 34, 43, 2; cf.:

pax convenit,

Sall. J. 38 fin.; Liv. 1, 3, 5; 30, 43, 8:

in eas condiciones cum pax conveniret,

id. 29, 12, 14 al.; and:

cum imperatoribus Romanis pacem conventam fuisse,

Sall. J. 112, 2:

ratio accepti atque expensi inter nos,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 146:

eo signo quod convenerat revocantur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 28:

quod tempus inter eos committendi proelii convenerat,

id. B. G. 2, 19:

neminem voluerunt majores nostri esse judicem, nisi qui inter adversarios convenisset,

Cic. Clu. 43, 120; so,

judex inter eos,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 2:

posse rem convenire... si posset inter eos aliquid convenire,

Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53:

dum rem conventuram putamus,

id. Att. 9, 6, 2:

si in eo manerent, quod convenisset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 36: [p. 463] in colloquium convenit;

condiciones non convenerunt,

Nep. Hann. 6, 2; cf. Liv. 30, 40, 14; 38, 11, 1 al.:

postquam ardentia vidit castra magister equitum (id convenerat signum),

id. 9, 23, 15:

signum,

Suet. Oth. 6:

omnia conventura,

Sall. J. 83, 2.— Pass.:

pacem conventam frustra fuisse,

Sall. J. 112, 2:

quibus conventis,

Liv. 30, 43, 7.—

Convenit, constr. alicui cum aliquo, inter aliquos, with ut, the acc. and inf., with de and abl., or absol.:

mihi cum Deiotaro convenit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 14:

idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis, an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?

id. Lig. 6, 18:

quicum optime convenisset,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 147:

nunc ita convenit inter me atque hunc, ut, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 2. 3, 19:

non modo inter Patres, sed ne inter consules quidem ipsos satis conveniebat,

Liv. 2, 23, 14:

conveniat mihi tecum necesse est, ipsum fecisse, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; Sen. Ben. 7, 4, 5; id. Brev. Vit. 7, 3:

inter omnis vero convenit, Sibyllam ad Tarquinium Superbum tris libros attulisse,

Plin. 13, 13, 27, § 88; cf. Suet. Vesp. 25: convenit, jam inde per consules reliqua belli perfecta, it is generally asserted, homologeitai, Liv. 9, 16, 1; cf. Suet. Claud. 44 et saep.:

cum de facto convenit, et quaeritur, etc.,

Cic. Inv. 1, 8, 11; id. Fin. 4, 26, 72:

de duobus minus convenit,

Liv. 2, 33, 2; Quint. 1, 4, 17; Col. 2, 9 init.; Sen. Clem. 2, 7, 4; Gell. 2, 22, 2:

quamquam de hoc parum convenit,

Quint. 5, 10, 2:

quaedam sunt, de quibus inter omnes convenit,

id. 2, 12, 2; 4, 5, 28; Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 9; Liv. 42, 25, 11; Sen. Q. N. 2, 12, 2; Plin. Pan. 29, 5:

ubi de pace non convenit, signa cecinere,

Flor. 2, 6, 59 al.:

convenit, victi utri sint eo proelio, Urbem, agrum, etc.... seque uti dederent,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 70:

convenerat, ne interloquereris,

Sen. Clem. 1, 9, 9; cf.:

quibus consulibus interierit non convenit,

Nep. Hann. 13, 1:

pacto convenit, etc.,

Liv. 24, 6, 7; Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 80:

omnis exercitus, uti convenerat. Numidiā deductus, etc.,

Sall. J. 39, 4:

Patres igitur jurati (ita enim convenerat),

Liv. 30, 40, 12:

pro argento si aurum dare mallent, darent convenit,

id. 38, 11, 8.—

To fit with, in, or to something, to suit, be adapted to.

Lit. (rare):

quae (cupa) inter orbes conveniat... quae (fistula) in columellam conveniat,

Cato, R. R. 21, 1:

conveniebatne in vaginam tuam machaera militis?

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 85:

si cothurni laus illa esset, ad pedem apte convenire,

Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 46.—More freq.,

Transf.: res convenit, or impers. convenit, the thing (or it) is fit, becoming, seemly, suitable, appropriate, proper, serviceable for something, it becomes, = consentit, congruit.

Res convenit, constr. with in or ad aliquid, cum aliquā re, the dat., acc., acc. and inf., or absol.

In or ad aliquid:

ceterae vites in quemvis agrum conveniunt,

Cato, R. R. 6 fin.; cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 19, 1:

quid minus in hunc ordinem convenit? etc.,

Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 8:

convenire quae vitia in quemvis videntur potius, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 128; id. Rosc. Am. 23, 65:

hoc in te unum,

id. N. D. 2, 29, 74 Orell. N. cr. nullam contumeliam jacere potueris, quae non ad maximam partem civium conveniret, id. Sull. 7, 23.—

Cum aliquā re:

haec tua deliberatio non mihi convenire visa est cum oratione Largi,

Cic. Fam. 6, 8, 2; so id. Fin. 3, 22, 73 al.—

With dat.:

num videntur convenire haec nuptiis?

Ter. And. 2, 2, 29; so Cic. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; id. Fin. 3, 22, 74; Sall. J. 85, 40; Quint. 6, 3, 25; Suet. Galb. 14 et saep.—

With acc.:

itidem ut tempus anni, aetatem aliam aliud factum convenit,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 24 dub. (Lachm. ap. Lucr. p. 64, conj. condecet).—

With acc. and inf.:

hoc non convenit, me... agrum habere,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 55; so Prop. 2, 1, 41.—

With in and abl.:

nihil autem minus in perfecto duce quam festinationem... convenire arbitrabatur,

Suet. Aug. 25.—

Absol.: hanc mi expetivi, contigit;

conveniunt mores, etc.,

Ter. And. 4, 2, 13:

nomen non convenit,

id. ib. 5, 4, 39; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 3 (cf. impers.: rationes conferatis; adsidunt;

subducunt: ad nummum convenit,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12):

non bene conveniunt, nec in unā sede morantur Majestas et amor,

Ov. M. 2, 846:

medius ille orationis modus maxime convenit,

Quint. 6, 2, 19 et saep.—

Convenit, impers., constr. with a clause as subject (so esp. freq. in Lucr. and the elder Pliny).

Haud convenit, unā ire cum amicā imperatorem in viā, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 41:

convenit illud in his rebus obsignatum habere, Lucr 2, 582: per se sibi vivere,

id. 3, 685:

dicere causas leti,

id. 6, 708 et saep.:

quo maxime contendi conveniat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 2:

convenit Evandri victos discedere ad urbem,

Verg. A. 12, 184; so Hor. A. P. 226; Vell. 1, 3, 2; Quint. 7, 3, 9; Plin. 18, 13, 33, § 126; cf. id. 33, 1, 5, § 15 Sillig.—

With ut:

quī enim convenit, ut? etc.,

Cic. Phil. 7, 2, 4 (al. evenit):

si tibi curae Quantae conveniat Munatius,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31; cf. Quint. 8, 6, 63. —To express assent:

convenit,

well, it is agreed, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 54.—Hence,

convĕnĭens, entis, P. a.

(Acc. to II. A. 2.) Agreeing, consistent, accordant, harmonious (syn.:

consentiens, concors, congruens): bene convenientes propinqui,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 58; cf.:

convenientes optime propinqui cognatique,

id. Rosc. Am. 34, 96; Suet. Tib. 7:

recta et convenientia et constantia natura desiderat,

Cic. Off. 3, 8, 35:

conveniens et conjuncta constantia inter augures,

id. Div. 2, 39, 82:

motus,

Lucr. 1, 1029; cf.:

inter se motus,

id. 2, 941.—More frequently,

(Acc. to II. B. 2.) Fitting to something, appropriate to, meet, fit, suitable, = congruens; constr. with cum, the dat., ad aliquid, inter se, in and acc. or abl., or absol.

With cum (rare): motus oris conveniens cum ipsius verbi demonstratione, Nigid. ap. Gell. 10, 4, 4:

dies conveniens cum populi vultu,

Ov. P. 2, 1, 28.—

With dat. (very freq.):

nihil in hac praeclarā epistulā scriptum ab Epicuro congruens et conveniens decretis ejus reperietis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 99; Quint. 3, 11, 20; 6, 3, 102 al.; Suet. Tib. 50; Hor. A. P. 316; Ov. P. 3, 9, 36 et saep.:

aut sibi convenientia finge,

Hor. A. P. 119; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 11:

bono civi convenientissimum credidi amplecti, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 1:

disciplina convenientissima,

Vell. 1, 6, 3.—

Ad aliquid (rare):

nihil est tam conveniens ad res vel secundas vel adversas,

Cic. Lael. 5, 17:

sonus ad formam tauri,

Ov. Ib. 436.—

In aliquid (very rare):

forma in illam conveniens amplitudinem,

Vell. 2, 29, 2.—

In aliquā re:

gratulatio conveniens in eā victoriā,

Liv. 45, 19, 3.—

Inter se (rare):

in vitā omnia sint apta inter se et convenientia,

Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144:

inter se motus,

Lucr. 2, 941.—

Absol. (rare):

quod sit aptum atque conveniens,

Quint. 5, 10, 123:

toga,

fitting, fitting close, Ov. A. A. 1, 514:

nihil convenientius ducens, quam, etc.,

Suet. Aug. 10.—

Conveniens est = convenit, consentaneum est, it is fit, proper, becoming, suitable (post-Aug. and rare; cf.

congruens): convenientius est dici,

Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 35.— Sup., Plin. Pan. 87, 1; id. Ep. 10, 3 (20), 2.— Adv.: convĕnĭen-ter, fitly, suitably, conformably, consistently (syn.. congruenter, constanter; class.;

most freq. in Cic.): convenienter cum naturā vivere (with congruere),

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 82:

convenienter naturae vivere (with congruenter),

id. Fin. 3, 7, 26; cf. id. Off. 3, 3, 13 al.; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 12:

convenienter sibi dicere (with constanter),

Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Ov. A. A. 3, 546:

convenienter ad praesentem fortunae statum loqui,

Liv. 23, 5, 4.— Sup., Aug. Civ. Dei, 18, 44.—

con-ventum, i, n. (acc. to II. A. 2.), an agreement, compact, covenant, convention, accord (in good prose):

facere promissa, stare conventis, reddere deposita,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95; 1, 10, 32; id. Part. Or. 37, 130; Liv. 29, 24, 3; Sil. 1, 10 al.—As a jurid. expression, very freq. in the connection pactum conventum (for which the MSS. sometimes, perh. through interpolation, give pactum et conventum), Cic. Part. Or. 37, 130; id. de Or. 2, 24, 100; id. Caecin. 18, 51; id. Att. 6, 3, 1; Juv. 6, 25; v. pactum.

commūnĭco ( conm-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. ( dep. access. form, communicati sint = communicaverint, Liv. 4, 24, 2) [communis].

To divide something with one, whether in giving or receiving.

In giving, to divide a thing with one, to communicate, impart, to share; esp. freq. of imparting in discourse (very freq. in all periods); constr. usu. aliquid cum aliquo; also inter aliquos, alicui, aliquem aliquā re. cum aliquo de aliquā re and absol.

With aliquid cum aliquo:

ut si quam praestantiam virtutis, ingenii, fortunae consecuti sunt, impertiant ea suis communicentque cum proximis,

Cic. Lael. 19, 70; id. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 125; id. Div. in Caecil. 11, 33: auxilium [p. 384] sibi te putat adjunxisse, qui cum altero rem communicat, id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116:

suam causam cum Chrysogono,

id. ib. 48, 140:

cum iis praemium communicat, hortaturque ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37:

civitatem nostram vobiscum,

Liv. 23, 5, 9:

causam civium cum servis fugitivis,

Sall. C. 56, 5:

at sua Tydides mecum communicat acta (i. e. me socium sumit actorum),

Ov. M. 13, 239:

consilia cum finitimis civitatibus,

to make common cause, to take common counsel, commune, consult, Caes. B. G. 6, 2:

cum plebeiis magistratibus,

Liv. 6, 11, 7; 28, 28, 5; Suet. Calig. 56:

curam doloris cum aliquo,

Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 5.—Of discourse:

homo, quocum omnia, quae me curā aliquā adficiunt, una communicem,

Cic. Att. 1, 18, 1:

ea quae didicerant, cum civibus suis communicare non poterant,

id. N. D. 1, 4, 8; id. de Or. 1, 15, 66; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Caes. B. G. 6, 20 al.; so cum aliquo de aliquā re:

Pompeius, qui mecum... de te communicare solet,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 3:

is mecum de tuā mansione communicat,

id. ib. 4, 4, 5:

cum compluribus de ratione belli,

Suet. Tib. 18. —

Aliquid inter aliquos:

cum de societate inter se multa communicarent,

Cic. Quint. 4, 15:

socii putandi sunt, quos inter res communicata est,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 20, § 50:

ut quibus de rebus vellemus, tu tuis, ego meis, inter nos communicaremus,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 2; 11, 27, 2:

communicato inter se consilio,

Liv. 8, 25, 9 (cf. a); Suet. Dom. 7.—

Alicui aliquid, or de aliquā re (in Cic. only when the other party sharing is expressed by cum and abl.; cf.

Krebs, Antibarb. p. 250): quibus communicare de maximis rebus Pompeius consuerat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 18 (Dinter, ex conj., quibuscum):

hisque omnium domus patent victusque communicatur,

id. B. G. 6, 23 fin.;

so with redditur,

id. ib. 6, 13:

sibi communicatum cum alio, non ademptum imperium esse,

Liv. 22, 27, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.:

id aut ereptum illis est, aut certe nobis cum illis communicatum,

Cic. Brut. 73, 254; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 14 Halm ad loc.; id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 5; id. Rosc. Am. 49, 142; Mamert. Pan. Max. 10; Cic. Pis. 39, 94 Ascon.—

Aliquem aliquā re:

communicabo semper te mensā meā,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 50.—

Absol.: nonne prius communicatum oportuit? * Ter. And. 1, 5, 4; Cic. Sull. 3, 9:

et secundas res splendidiores facit amicitia et adversas partiens communicansque leviores,

id. Lael. 6, 22; Quint. 9, 2, 22:

ut ad se veniat rationesque belli gerendi communicet,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63:

consilia communicant,

id. B. C. 2, 4 fin.; cf. Sall. C. 18, 5; Suet. Aug. 75 fin.; Plin. 11, 30, 36, § 108; Quint. 9, 2, 22.—

Transf. of things: aliquid cum aliquā re, to join to an equal part, to unite:

viri, quantas pecunias ab uxoribus dotis nomine acceperunt, tantas ex suis bonis cum dotibus communicant,

Caes. B. G. 6, 19:

privabo potius illum debito testimonio, quam id cum meā laude communicem,

Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 3; id. Fam. 12, 2, 1.—

In late Lat.: cum aliquo or alicui, to have intercourse with an inferior:

ne cum peregrinis communicarent,

Just. 36, 2, 15:

malis,

with evil-disposed persons, Aug. Ep. 162:

ne communices homini indocto,

Vulg. Ecclus. 8, 5.—Also alicui rei, to take part in, Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 22.—

In receiving, to share something with one, to lake or receive a part, to partake, participate in (also class.).

Aliquid cum aliquo:

ut me juves Conmunicesque hanc mecum meam provinciam,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 153; cf.:

provinciam cum Antonio,

Cic. Pis. 2, 5:

inimicitias mecum,

id. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

qui sibi cum illo rationem communicatam putat,

believes that he has all things in common with him, id. Rosc. Am. 49, 142; cf. id. ib. 48, 140; id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 14; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 2. § 5 Zumpt; Liv. 22, 27, 8:

haud dubitavit (Thalestris) fateri ad communicandos cum rege liberos se venisse,

Curt. 6, 5, 30 Vogel ad loc.—

Absol.:

primo labores et discrimina, mox et gloriam communicabat,

Tac. Agr. 8.—

Alicui (late Lat.):

altari Christi,

to receive the sacrament, Aug. Ep. 162; id. contra Cresc. 3, 36.—

In Tertull., acc. to communis, II., to make common, i. e. low, base, to contaminate, defile, Tert. Spect. 17; id. Patient. 8.

commūnĭco ( conm-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. ( dep. access. form, communicati sint = communicaverint, Liv. 4, 24, 2) [communis].

To divide something with one, whether in giving or receiving.

In giving, to divide a thing with one, to communicate, impart, to share; esp. freq. of imparting in discourse (very freq. in all periods); constr. usu. aliquid cum aliquo; also inter aliquos, alicui, aliquem aliquā re. cum aliquo de aliquā re and absol.

With aliquid cum aliquo:

ut si quam praestantiam virtutis, ingenii, fortunae consecuti sunt, impertiant ea suis communicentque cum proximis,

Cic. Lael. 19, 70; id. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 125; id. Div. in Caecil. 11, 33: auxilium [p. 384] sibi te putat adjunxisse, qui cum altero rem communicat, id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116:

suam causam cum Chrysogono,

id. ib. 48, 140:

cum iis praemium communicat, hortaturque ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37:

civitatem nostram vobiscum,

Liv. 23, 5, 9:

causam civium cum servis fugitivis,

Sall. C. 56, 5:

at sua Tydides mecum communicat acta (i. e. me socium sumit actorum),

Ov. M. 13, 239:

consilia cum finitimis civitatibus,

to make common cause, to take common counsel, commune, consult, Caes. B. G. 6, 2:

cum plebeiis magistratibus,

Liv. 6, 11, 7; 28, 28, 5; Suet. Calig. 56:

curam doloris cum aliquo,

Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 5.—Of discourse:

homo, quocum omnia, quae me curā aliquā adficiunt, una communicem,

Cic. Att. 1, 18, 1:

ea quae didicerant, cum civibus suis communicare non poterant,

id. N. D. 1, 4, 8; id. de Or. 1, 15, 66; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Caes. B. G. 6, 20 al.; so cum aliquo de aliquā re:

Pompeius, qui mecum... de te communicare solet,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 3:

is mecum de tuā mansione communicat,

id. ib. 4, 4, 5:

cum compluribus de ratione belli,

Suet. Tib. 18. —

Aliquid inter aliquos:

cum de societate inter se multa communicarent,

Cic. Quint. 4, 15:

socii putandi sunt, quos inter res communicata est,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 20, § 50:

ut quibus de rebus vellemus, tu tuis, ego meis, inter nos communicaremus,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 2; 11, 27, 2:

communicato inter se consilio,

Liv. 8, 25, 9 (cf. a); Suet. Dom. 7.—

Alicui aliquid, or de aliquā re (in Cic. only when the other party sharing is expressed by cum and abl.; cf.

Krebs, Antibarb. p. 250): quibus communicare de maximis rebus Pompeius consuerat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 18 (Dinter, ex conj., quibuscum):

hisque omnium domus patent victusque communicatur,

id. B. G. 6, 23 fin.;

so with redditur,

id. ib. 6, 13:

sibi communicatum cum alio, non ademptum imperium esse,

Liv. 22, 27, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.:

id aut ereptum illis est, aut certe nobis cum illis communicatum,

Cic. Brut. 73, 254; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 14 Halm ad loc.; id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 5; id. Rosc. Am. 49, 142; Mamert. Pan. Max. 10; Cic. Pis. 39, 94 Ascon.—

Aliquem aliquā re:

communicabo semper te mensā meā,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 50.—

Absol.: nonne prius communicatum oportuit? * Ter. And. 1, 5, 4; Cic. Sull. 3, 9:

et secundas res splendidiores facit amicitia et adversas partiens communicansque leviores,

id. Lael. 6, 22; Quint. 9, 2, 22:

ut ad se veniat rationesque belli gerendi communicet,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63:

consilia communicant,

id. B. C. 2, 4 fin.; cf. Sall. C. 18, 5; Suet. Aug. 75 fin.; Plin. 11, 30, 36, § 108; Quint. 9, 2, 22.—

Transf. of things: aliquid cum aliquā re, to join to an equal part, to unite:

viri, quantas pecunias ab uxoribus dotis nomine acceperunt, tantas ex suis bonis cum dotibus communicant,

Caes. B. G. 6, 19:

privabo potius illum debito testimonio, quam id cum meā laude communicem,

Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 3; id. Fam. 12, 2, 1.—

In late Lat.: cum aliquo or alicui, to have intercourse with an inferior:

ne cum peregrinis communicarent,

Just. 36, 2, 15:

malis,

with evil-disposed persons, Aug. Ep. 162:

ne communices homini indocto,

Vulg. Ecclus. 8, 5.—Also alicui rei, to take part in, Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 22.—

In receiving, to share something with one, to lake or receive a part, to partake, participate in (also class.).

Aliquid cum aliquo:

ut me juves Conmunicesque hanc mecum meam provinciam,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 153; cf.:

provinciam cum Antonio,

Cic. Pis. 2, 5:

inimicitias mecum,

id. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

qui sibi cum illo rationem communicatam putat,

believes that he has all things in common with him, id. Rosc. Am. 49, 142; cf. id. ib. 48, 140; id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 14; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 2. § 5 Zumpt; Liv. 22, 27, 8:

haud dubitavit (Thalestris) fateri ad communicandos cum rege liberos se venisse,

Curt. 6, 5, 30 Vogel ad loc.—

Absol.:

primo labores et discrimina, mox et gloriam communicabat,

Tac. Agr. 8.—

Alicui (late Lat.):

altari Christi,

to receive the sacrament, Aug. Ep. 162; id. contra Cresc. 3, 36.—

In Tertull., acc. to communis, II., to make common, i. e. low, base, to contaminate, defile, Tert. Spect. 17; id. Patient. 8.

affīnĭtas ( adf-), ātis, f. [affinis] ( gen. plur. adfinitatium, Just. 17, 3), the state or condition of adfinis.

Relationship or alliance by marriage, esp. between a father and son-in-law, Ter. And. 1, 5, 12 Ruhnk. (cf. affinis):

adstringere inter aliquos,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 73:

effugere,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 12; so id. Hec. 4, 4, 101:

caritas generis humani serpit sensim foras, cognationibus primum, tum adfinitatibus, deinde amicitiis, post vicinitatibus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 68:

adfinitate se devincire cum aliquo,

id. Brut. 26:

cum aliquo adfinitate conjungi,

Nep. Paus. 2, 3:

in adfinitatem alicujus pervenire,

id. Att. 19, 1:

contrahere,

Vell. 2, 44:

facere inter aliquos,

id. 2, 65:

jungere cum aliquo,

Liv. 1, 1:

adfinitate conjunctus,

allied by marriage, Suet. Ner. 35:

in adfinitatis jura succedit,

Just. 7, 3.— Meton., the persons so related, like kindred in Engl.:

patriam deseras, cognatos, adfinitatem, amicos,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 75.—

Fig., relationship, affinity, union, connection (rare), Varr. R. R. 1, 16:

litterarum,

Quint. 1, 6, 24: per adfinitatem litterarum, qui phôr Graece, Latine fur est, Gell. 1, 18, 5:

tanta est adfinitas corporibus hominum mentibusque,

id. 4, 13, 4.

affīnĭtas ( adf-), ātis, f. [affinis] ( gen. plur. adfinitatium, Just. 17, 3), the state or condition of adfinis.

Relationship or alliance by marriage, esp. between a father and son-in-law, Ter. And. 1, 5, 12 Ruhnk. (cf. affinis):

adstringere inter aliquos,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 73:

effugere,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 12; so id. Hec. 4, 4, 101:

caritas generis humani serpit sensim foras, cognationibus primum, tum adfinitatibus, deinde amicitiis, post vicinitatibus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 68:

adfinitate se devincire cum aliquo,

id. Brut. 26:

cum aliquo adfinitate conjungi,

Nep. Paus. 2, 3:

in adfinitatem alicujus pervenire,

id. Att. 19, 1:

contrahere,

Vell. 2, 44:

facere inter aliquos,

id. 2, 65:

jungere cum aliquo,

Liv. 1, 1:

adfinitate conjunctus,

allied by marriage, Suet. Ner. 35:

in adfinitatis jura succedit,

Just. 7, 3.— Meton., the persons so related, like kindred in Engl.:

patriam deseras, cognatos, adfinitatem, amicos,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 75.—

Fig., relationship, affinity, union, connection (rare), Varr. R. R. 1, 16:

litterarum,

Quint. 1, 6, 24: per adfinitatem litterarum, qui phôr Graece, Latine fur est, Gell. 1, 18, 5:

tanta est adfinitas corporibus hominum mentibusque,

id. 4, 13, 4.

contentĭo, ōnis, f. [contendo] (acc. to contendo, II.), an eager stretching, a straining, exertion of the powers of body or mind, tension, effort, a vigorous struggling or striving for something, a struggle after (very freq. and in good prose).

In gen.

Prop.:

contentio et summissio vocis,

Cic. Off. 1, 41, 146; id. de Or. 1, 61, 261:

vocis,

id. Tusc. 2, 24, 56:

vocis aut lateris,

Plin. 26, 13, 85, § 137 al.:

gravitatis et ponderum,

of gravitation, Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116:

animi (opp. relaxatio),

id. de Or. 2, 5, 21; cf. id. Arch. 6, 12 et saep.—With gen. of the object:

disputationis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 230:

honorum (with ambitio),

id. Off. 1, 25, 87; cf.

palmae,

Quint. 1, 2, 24:

dignitatis,

id. 4, 5, 12; cf.:

libertatis dignitatisque,

Liv. 4, 6, 11 al. —

Transf.

Labored, formal speech (opp. talk, conversation): quoniam magna vis orationis est, eaque duplex, altera contentionis, altera sermonis;

contentio disceptationibus tribuatur judiciorum... sermo in circulis, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 37, 132; 2, 14, 48 Heine ad loc.; cf.: sermo est oratio remissa et finitima cottidianae locutioni;

contentio est oratio acris, etc.,

Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23.—

Gregum = admissura, Censor. 5.—

In partic.

(Acc. to contendo, II. B. 2.) A contest, contention, strife (with weapons or words), a fight, dispute, controversy (so most freq.):

contentiones proeliorum,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90; cf.:

magna belli,

id. Sest. 27, 58:

contentiones, quae cum inimicissimis fiunt,

id. Off. 1, 38, 137; so with cum, id. Phil. 2, 3, 7; id. Leg. 3, 11, 25 al.:

cum aliquo de aliquā re,

Quint. 4, 2, 132:

de aliquā re,

Cic. Leg. 3, 10, 24; Liv. 4, 6, 4; Quint. 5, 14, 12 al.:

adversus procuratores,

Tac. Agr. 9:

inter aliquos,

Cic. Sest. 21, 47; Quint. 10, 1, 47; Suet. Claud. 15 et saep.; cf.:

inter aliquos de aliquā re,

Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132 et saep.:

contentionis cupidiores quam veritatis,

id. de Or. 1, 11, 47; Curt. 8, 4, 33.—

(Acc. to contendo, II. B. 3.) A comparison, contrast:

si contentio quaedam et comparatio fiat,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57; 1, 43, 152; cf. id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

quaedam hominum ipsorum,

id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Inv. 2, 39, 114:

fortunarum,

id. Pis. 22, 51.—Hence,

T. t.

In rhetoric, a contrasting of one thought with another, antithesis, Auct. Her. 4, 15, 21; Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 203; Quint. 9, 1, 31; 9, 2, 2.—

In gram., comparison, Varr. L. L. 8, § 75 Müll.

partĭo, ōnis, f. [pario], a bearing, bringing forth young (ante-and post-class.):

horresco misera, mentio quoties fit partionis,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 92; Afran. ap. Non. 217, 31:

mulieris,

Gell. 3, 16, 9; 12, 1, 20.— Of hens, a laying of eggs:

hae (gallinae) ad partiones sunt aptiores,

Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 4.

partĭo, ĭi or īvi, ītum, 4, v. a., and partĭor, partītus ( inf. dep. partirier, Aus. Epigr. 139, 8), 4, v. dep. [pars], to share, part; to divide, distribute (Cic., Cæs., and Quint. use the verb. finit. almost exclusively in the dep. form; v. infra; but the part. perf. was employed by them also in a pass. sense; syn.: communico, participo).

Lit.

Form partĭo, īre: tu partem laudis caperes, tu gaudia mecum Partisses, Lucil. ap. Non. 475, 23:

aeternabilem divitiam partissent,

Att. ib. 475, 24:

praedam,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 5:

bona sua inter aliquos,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 113: bona testamento, Afran. ap. Non. 475, 21:

(sol) aetheris oras Partit,

Lucr. 5, 684:

consules designati provincias inter se partiverant,

Sall. J. 43, 1; Cic. Leg 3, 3, 7:

regnum Vangio ac Sido inter se partivere,

Tac. A. 12, 30.— Pass.:

pes enim, qui adhibetur ad numeros, partitur in tria, ut necesse sit partem pedis aequalem esse, etc.,

Cic. Or. 56, 188.—

Form partĭor, ītus, īri:

genus universum in species certas partietur ac dividet,

Cic. Or. 33, 117; id. Rosc. Com. 17, 53:

id ipsum in ea, quae decuit membra partitus est,

id. Univ. 7:

pupillis bona erepta cum eo partitus est,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 17, § 37:

suum cum Scipione honorem partitur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 82:

id opus inter se Petreius atque Afranius partiuntur,

id. ib. 1, 73 fin.; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, and Cic. Phil. 14, 6, 15:

(praedam) socios partitur in omnes,

Verg. A. 1, 194:

partiri limite campum,

id. G. 1, 126:

tecum lucellum,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 82:

lintres,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 61: qui numquam partitur amicum, solus habet. Juv. 3, 121.—

In a dub. form:

dulcemque in ambos caritatem partiens,

Phaedr. 3, 8, 13; so,

pensa inter virgines partientem,

Just. 1, 3, 2.—The forms partiturus, Caes. B. C. 1, 4, 3, and partiendum, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22, are to be attributed, on account of the other examples of this word in Cic. and Cæs. (v. supra), to partior.—

Part. perf.: partītus, a, um, in pass. signif., shared, parted, divided, distributed:

(animi natura) partita per artus,

Lucr. 3, 710:

divisio in sex partita,

Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 4:

membra partita ac distributa,

Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119:

Caesar partitis copiis cum C. Fabio legato,

Caes. B. G. 6, 6; cf.:

partito exercitu,

id. ib. 6, 33;

7, 24, 5: regionibus partitum imperium,

Liv. 27, 7; Ov. A. A. 3, 593:

carcere partitos equos,

parted, separated by the barriers, id. F. 4, 680.—Hence, partītō, adverb. abl., distributively: dividere, Reg. tit. 24, 25.—

Transf.

To cause to share or participate in any thing = participare: eandem me in suspitionem sceleris partivit pater, Enn. ap. Non. 475, 25 (Trag. v. 368 Vahl.).—

Inter se, to agree among themselves:

vos inter vos partite,

Plaut. Am. 4, 4 (5), 1.—Hence, * adv.: partītē, with proper divisions, methodically:

dicere,

Cic. Or. 28, 99.

partĭo, ōnis, f. [pario], a bearing, bringing forth young (ante-and post-class.):

horresco misera, mentio quoties fit partionis,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 92; Afran. ap. Non. 217, 31:

mulieris,

Gell. 3, 16, 9; 12, 1, 20.— Of hens, a laying of eggs:

hae (gallinae) ad partiones sunt aptiores,

Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 4.

partĭo, ĭi or īvi, ītum, 4, v. a., and partĭor, partītus ( inf. dep. partirier, Aus. Epigr. 139, 8), 4, v. dep. [pars], to share, part; to divide, distribute (Cic., Cæs., and Quint. use the verb. finit. almost exclusively in the dep. form; v. infra; but the part. perf. was employed by them also in a pass. sense; syn.: communico, participo).

Lit.

Form partĭo, īre: tu partem laudis caperes, tu gaudia mecum Partisses, Lucil. ap. Non. 475, 23:

aeternabilem divitiam partissent,

Att. ib. 475, 24:

praedam,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 5:

bona sua inter aliquos,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 113: bona testamento, Afran. ap. Non. 475, 21:

(sol) aetheris oras Partit,

Lucr. 5, 684:

consules designati provincias inter se partiverant,

Sall. J. 43, 1; Cic. Leg 3, 3, 7:

regnum Vangio ac Sido inter se partivere,

Tac. A. 12, 30.— Pass.:

pes enim, qui adhibetur ad numeros, partitur in tria, ut necesse sit partem pedis aequalem esse, etc.,

Cic. Or. 56, 188.—

Form partĭor, ītus, īri:

genus universum in species certas partietur ac dividet,

Cic. Or. 33, 117; id. Rosc. Com. 17, 53:

id ipsum in ea, quae decuit membra partitus est,

id. Univ. 7:

pupillis bona erepta cum eo partitus est,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 17, § 37:

suum cum Scipione honorem partitur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 82:

id opus inter se Petreius atque Afranius partiuntur,

id. ib. 1, 73 fin.; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, and Cic. Phil. 14, 6, 15:

(praedam) socios partitur in omnes,

Verg. A. 1, 194:

partiri limite campum,

id. G. 1, 126:

tecum lucellum,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 82:

lintres,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 61: qui numquam partitur amicum, solus habet. Juv. 3, 121.—

In a dub. form:

dulcemque in ambos caritatem partiens,

Phaedr. 3, 8, 13; so,

pensa inter virgines partientem,

Just. 1, 3, 2.—The forms partiturus, Caes. B. C. 1, 4, 3, and partiendum, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22, are to be attributed, on account of the other examples of this word in Cic. and Cæs. (v. supra), to partior.—

Part. perf.: partītus, a, um, in pass. signif., shared, parted, divided, distributed:

(animi natura) partita per artus,

Lucr. 3, 710:

divisio in sex partita,

Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 4:

membra partita ac distributa,

Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119:

Caesar partitis copiis cum C. Fabio legato,

Caes. B. G. 6, 6; cf.:

partito exercitu,

id. ib. 6, 33;

7, 24, 5: regionibus partitum imperium,

Liv. 27, 7; Ov. A. A. 3, 593:

carcere partitos equos,

parted, separated by the barriers, id. F. 4, 680.—Hence, partītō, adverb. abl., distributively: dividere, Reg. tit. 24, 25.—

Transf.

To cause to share or participate in any thing = participare: eandem me in suspitionem sceleris partivit pater, Enn. ap. Non. 475, 25 (Trag. v. 368 Vahl.).—

Inter se, to agree among themselves:

vos inter vos partite,

Plaut. Am. 4, 4 (5), 1.—Hence, * adv.: partītē, with proper divisions, methodically:

dicere,

Cic. Or. 28, 99.

partĭo, ōnis, f. [pario], a bearing, bringing forth young (ante-and post-class.):

horresco misera, mentio quoties fit partionis,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 92; Afran. ap. Non. 217, 31:

mulieris,

Gell. 3, 16, 9; 12, 1, 20.— Of hens, a laying of eggs:

hae (gallinae) ad partiones sunt aptiores,

Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 4.

partĭo, ĭi or īvi, ītum, 4, v. a., and partĭor, partītus ( inf. dep. partirier, Aus. Epigr. 139, 8), 4, v. dep. [pars], to share, part; to divide, distribute (Cic., Cæs., and Quint. use the verb. finit. almost exclusively in the dep. form; v. infra; but the part. perf. was employed by them also in a pass. sense; syn.: communico, participo).

Lit.

Form partĭo, īre: tu partem laudis caperes, tu gaudia mecum Partisses, Lucil. ap. Non. 475, 23:

aeternabilem divitiam partissent,

Att. ib. 475, 24:

praedam,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 5:

bona sua inter aliquos,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 113: bona testamento, Afran. ap. Non. 475, 21:

(sol) aetheris oras Partit,

Lucr. 5, 684:

consules designati provincias inter se partiverant,

Sall. J. 43, 1; Cic. Leg 3, 3, 7:

regnum Vangio ac Sido inter se partivere,

Tac. A. 12, 30.— Pass.:

pes enim, qui adhibetur ad numeros, partitur in tria, ut necesse sit partem pedis aequalem esse, etc.,

Cic. Or. 56, 188.—

Form partĭor, ītus, īri:

genus universum in species certas partietur ac dividet,

Cic. Or. 33, 117; id. Rosc. Com. 17, 53:

id ipsum in ea, quae decuit membra partitus est,

id. Univ. 7:

pupillis bona erepta cum eo partitus est,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 17, § 37:

suum cum Scipione honorem partitur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 82:

id opus inter se Petreius atque Afranius partiuntur,

id. ib. 1, 73 fin.; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, and Cic. Phil. 14, 6, 15:

(praedam) socios partitur in omnes,

Verg. A. 1, 194:

partiri limite campum,

id. G. 1, 126:

tecum lucellum,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 82:

lintres,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 61: qui numquam partitur amicum, solus habet. Juv. 3, 121.—

In a dub. form:

dulcemque in ambos caritatem partiens,

Phaedr. 3, 8, 13; so,

pensa inter virgines partientem,

Just. 1, 3, 2.—The forms partiturus, Caes. B. C. 1, 4, 3, and partiendum, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22, are to be attributed, on account of the other examples of this word in Cic. and Cæs. (v. supra), to partior.—

Part. perf.: partītus, a, um, in pass. signif., shared, parted, divided, distributed:

(animi natura) partita per artus,

Lucr. 3, 710:

divisio in sex partita,

Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 4:

membra partita ac distributa,

Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119:

Caesar partitis copiis cum C. Fabio legato,

Caes. B. G. 6, 6; cf.:

partito exercitu,

id. ib. 6, 33;

7, 24, 5: regionibus partitum imperium,

Liv. 27, 7; Ov. A. A. 3, 593:

carcere partitos equos,

parted, separated by the barriers, id. F. 4, 680.—Hence, partītō, adverb. abl., distributively: dividere, Reg. tit. 24, 25.—

Transf.

To cause to share or participate in any thing = participare: eandem me in suspitionem sceleris partivit pater, Enn. ap. Non. 475, 25 (Trag. v. 368 Vahl.).—

Inter se, to agree among themselves:

vos inter vos partite,

Plaut. Am. 4, 4 (5), 1.—Hence, * adv.: partītē, with proper divisions, methodically:

dicere,

Cic. Or. 28, 99.

dŏmĭnor, ātus (ante-class. inf domina rier, Verg. A. 7, 70), 1, v. dep. n. [dominus], to be lord and master, to have dominion, bear rule domineer (freq. and class.; for syn. cf.: regno, impero, jubeo, praesum).

Prop., absol.:

imperare quam plurimis, pollere, regnare, dominari,

Cic. Rep. 3, 12;

so,

absol., id. 1, 33; id. Rab. Post. 14, 39; Sall. C. 2, 2; Liv. 33, 46; Tac. A. 4, 7; id. H. 1, 21; Verg. A. 2, 363 et saep.—With in and abl.:

in capite fortunisque hominum,

Cic. Quint. 30, 94; so,

in aliqua re,

id. ib. 31, 98; id. Div. in Caecil. 7 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 51 fin.; Liv. 8, 31; Verg. A. 2, 327; Ov. F. 3, 315 al.— With inter or in: inter aliquos, * Caes. B. G. 2, 31 fin.; so Ov. Am. 3, 6, 63:

dominari in cetera (animalia),

id. M. 1, 77:

in adversarios,

Liv. 3, 53.—With abl.:

summā dominarier arce,

Verg. A. 7, 70.—With the abl. only, Verg. A. 6, 766; 1, 285; 3, 97.— With dat.:

toti dominabere mundo,

Claud. in Ruf. 1, 143.—With gen.:

omnium rerum,

Lact. Ira, 14, 3; Tert. Hab. Mul. 1 al. in late Lat.—

Transf., to rule, reign, govern, etc., of inanimate and abstract subjects:

Cleanthes solem dominari putat,

Cic. Ac. 2, 41:

mare,

Tac. Agr. 10 fin.:

pestis in magnae dominatur moenibus urbis,

Ov. M. 7, 553:

inter nitentia culta Infelix lolium et steriles dominantur avenae,

Verg. G. 1, 154: ubi libido dominatur, Crassus ap. Cic. Or. 65, 219; so,

consilium,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38:

potestas (sc. censura) longinquitate,

Liv. 9, 33:

oratio,

Quint. 8, 3, 62:

fortuna,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

usus dicendi in libera civitate,

id. de Or. 2, 8, 33; id. Caecin. 25, 71: actio in dicendo, id. ap. Quint. 11, 3, 7:

effectus maxime in ingressu ac fine (causae),

Quint. 8 prooem. §

7 et saep.: senectus si usque ad ultimum spiritum dominatur in suos,

Cic. de Sen. 9, 38.—Hence, dŏmĭnans, antis, P. a., ruling, bearing sway. — Lit.:

a gentibus dominantibus premi,

Lact. 7, 15, 5. — Trop.:

animus dominantior ad vitam,

Lucr. 3, 397; id. 6, 238: dominantia nomina = vulgaria, communia, the Gr. kuria, proper, without metaphor, Hor. A. P. 234. —As subst.: dŏmĭnans, antis, m., an absolute ruler:

cum dominante sermones,

Tac. A. 14, 56; id. H. 4, 74.— Plur., Vulg. Jer. 50, 21; id. Apoc. 19, 16.— Adv.: dŏmĭnante, in the manner of a ruler, Dracont. Hexaem. 1, 331.

► dŏmĭnor, āri, pass., to be ruled: o domus antiqua, heu, quam dispari Dominare domino! Poëta ap. Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139; Nigid. ap. Prisc. p. 793; Lact. Mort. Pers. 16, 7.

dŏmĭnor, ātus (ante-class. inf domina rier, Verg. A. 7, 70), 1, v. dep. n. [dominus], to be lord and master, to have dominion, bear rule domineer (freq. and class.; for syn. cf.: regno, impero, jubeo, praesum).

Prop., absol.:

imperare quam plurimis, pollere, regnare, dominari,

Cic. Rep. 3, 12;

so,

absol., id. 1, 33; id. Rab. Post. 14, 39; Sall. C. 2, 2; Liv. 33, 46; Tac. A. 4, 7; id. H. 1, 21; Verg. A. 2, 363 et saep.—With in and abl.:

in capite fortunisque hominum,

Cic. Quint. 30, 94; so,

in aliqua re,

id. ib. 31, 98; id. Div. in Caecil. 7 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 51 fin.; Liv. 8, 31; Verg. A. 2, 327; Ov. F. 3, 315 al.— With inter or in: inter aliquos, * Caes. B. G. 2, 31 fin.; so Ov. Am. 3, 6, 63:

dominari in cetera (animalia),

id. M. 1, 77:

in adversarios,

Liv. 3, 53.—With abl.:

summā dominarier arce,

Verg. A. 7, 70.—With the abl. only, Verg. A. 6, 766; 1, 285; 3, 97.— With dat.:

toti dominabere mundo,

Claud. in Ruf. 1, 143.—With gen.:

omnium rerum,

Lact. Ira, 14, 3; Tert. Hab. Mul. 1 al. in late Lat.—

Transf., to rule, reign, govern, etc., of inanimate and abstract subjects:

Cleanthes solem dominari putat,

Cic. Ac. 2, 41:

mare,

Tac. Agr. 10 fin.:

pestis in magnae dominatur moenibus urbis,

Ov. M. 7, 553:

inter nitentia culta Infelix lolium et steriles dominantur avenae,

Verg. G. 1, 154: ubi libido dominatur, Crassus ap. Cic. Or. 65, 219; so,

consilium,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38:

potestas (sc. censura) longinquitate,

Liv. 9, 33:

oratio,

Quint. 8, 3, 62:

fortuna,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

usus dicendi in libera civitate,

id. de Or. 2, 8, 33; id. Caecin. 25, 71: actio in dicendo, id. ap. Quint. 11, 3, 7:

effectus maxime in ingressu ac fine (causae),

Quint. 8 prooem. §

7 et saep.: senectus si usque ad ultimum spiritum dominatur in suos,

Cic. de Sen. 9, 38.—Hence, dŏmĭnans, antis, P. a., ruling, bearing sway. — Lit.:

a gentibus dominantibus premi,

Lact. 7, 15, 5. — Trop.:

animus dominantior ad vitam,

Lucr. 3, 397; id. 6, 238: dominantia nomina = vulgaria, communia, the Gr. kuria, proper, without metaphor, Hor. A. P. 234. —As subst.: dŏmĭnans, antis, m., an absolute ruler:

cum dominante sermones,

Tac. A. 14, 56; id. H. 4, 74.— Plur., Vulg. Jer. 50, 21; id. Apoc. 19, 16.— Adv.: dŏmĭnante, in the manner of a ruler, Dracont. Hexaem. 1, 331.

► dŏmĭnor, āri, pass., to be ruled: o domus antiqua, heu, quam dispari Dominare domino! Poëta ap. Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139; Nigid. ap. Prisc. p. 793; Lact. Mort. Pers. 16, 7.

ămīcĭtĭa, ae, f. ( gen. sing. amicitiāï, Lucr. 3, 83; acc. amicitiem, id. 5, 1019 Lachm.; cf. Charis. p. 94 P., and Neue, Formenl. I. p. 372) [amicus], friendship (very freq. in Cic., occurring more than 200 times).

Lit.:

Est autem amicitia nihil aliud nisi omnium divinarum humanarumque rerum cum benevolentiā et caritate summa consensio,

Cic. Am. 6: eo ego ingenio natus sum: amicitiam atque inimicitiam in frontem promptam gero, Enn. ap. Non. 129, 26:

jam diu ego huic bene et hic mihi volumus, et amicitia est antiqua,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 4:

Per te deos oro et nostram amicitiam,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 6:

sperata voluptas Suavis amicitiae,

Lucr. 1, 142:

vincula amicitiaï,

id. 3, 83. The expressions usually connected with it are:

amicitiam incipere,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 7:

amicitia nascitur,

Cic. Am. 9, 29:

amicitia exardescit,

id. ib. 27, 100:

est mihi amicitia cum aliquo,

id. Clu. 42:

amicitia est inter aliquos,

id. Planc. 33:

esse in amicitiā cum aliquo,

Nep. Hann. 2, 4:

in amicitiam recipere,

Cic. Att. 2, 20:

amicitiam colere,

id. Fam. 15, 14:

contrahere,

id. Am. 14:

gerere,

id. Fam. 3, 8, and Nep. Dat. 10, 3:

tueri,

Cic. Fin. 1, 20:

jungere,

Lucr. 5, 1019; Cic. Deiot. 9; Vulg. Exod. 34, 12:

expetere,

Cic. Am. 13:

comparare,

id. Rosc. Am. 38:

parere,

Nep. Alcib. 7, 5:

conferre se ad amicitiam alicujus,

Cic. Brut. 81:

dedere se amicitiae alicujus,

Caes. B. G. 3, 22:

accedere ad amicitiam alicujus,

Nep. Eum. 1, 4:

in amicitias incidere,

Cic. Am. 12, 42:

amicitiā alicujus uti,

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 43:

pervenire in intimam amicitiam alicujus,

Nep. Alcib. 5, 3:

manere in amicitiā,

Cic. Verr 2, 5, 32:

amicitiam violare,

Liv. 34, 31:

deserere jura amicitiae,

Cic. Am. 10:

funditus evertere,

id. Fin. 2, 25:

dissociare,

id. Am. 20:

dimittere, dissuere, discindere,

id. ib. 21:

dirumpere,

id. ib. 22 fin.:

dissolvere,

Vulg. Eccli. 22, 5:

deficere ab amicitiā alicujus,

Nep. Con. 2, 2:

repudiare amicitiam alicujus,

Cic. Planc. 19:

renunciare amicitiam alicui,

Liv. 42, 25.—

Transf.

In the histt., a league of friendship, an alliance between different nations, = foedus:

Ubii, qui amicitiam fecerant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16:

amicitiam populi Romani colere,

Sall. J. 8, 2:

in amicitiam Populi Romani venire,

Liv. 22, 37:

reges bello victos in amicitiam recipere,

Sall. J. 14, 5:

foedus et amicitia,

id. ib. 104, 5:

amicitia et foedus,

id. ib. 104, 4:

amicitia ac societas,

Liv. 7, 31:

amicitiae foedus,

id. 42, 12:

amicitiam petere,

id. 38, 18:

quae urbes in amicitiā permanserant,

id. 43, 21; 10, 45:

amicitias cum aliquo facere,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 31, 2:

cum aliquo inire,

ib. 2 Par. 20, 35 al. —

In botany, of plants, sympathy:

rutae cum flco,

Plin. 19, 8, 45, § 156:

inter has vitium amicitiā accipitur ulmus,

id. 16, 17, 29, § 72.—

In post-Aug. Lat., abstr. pro concr. = amici:

hospitem nisi ex amicitiā domini quam rarissime recipiat,

Col. 11, 1, 23 (cf. before:

hospitem nisi amicum familiaremque domini necessarium receperit): quin et parte ejusdem epistulae increpuit amicitias muliebres,

Tac. A. 5, 2:

omnes amicitias et familiaritates intra breve tempus adflixit,

Suet. Tib. 51.

dissensĭo, ōnis, f. [dissentio], difference of opinion, disagreement, dissension, discord (good prose):

inter homines de jure,

Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 238; cf. id. Leg. 2, 13, 32:

animorum disjunctio dissensionem facit,

id. Agr. 2, 6:

inter aliquos sine acerbitate,

id. Off. 1, 25, 87; cf. Quint. 3, 6, 22 et saep.:

hoc dissidio ac dissensione facta, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 21; id. Agr. 3, 2; id. Lael. 21, 77 (twice); Caes. B. G. 5, 31, 1 (twice); id. B. C. 1, 20, 4 et saep.:

Zenonis a superioribus,

Cic. Ac. 1, 11, 42:

de bono oratore cum populo' dissensio,

id. Brut. 49, 185:

civilis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 67, 3; Sall. J. 41 fin.: Suet. Ner. 3; cf.

ordinum,

Tac. A. 3, 27 et saep.—In plur., Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 102; id. Lael. 7, 23; Caes. B. G. 6, 22 fin.; id. B. C. 3. 1, 3; Tac. Agr. 32 al.—

Of inanimate things, disagreement, incompatibility:

utilium cum honestis,

Cic. Off. 3, 13, 56:

actionum,

Sen. Ep. 20, 2.

īra, ae ( gen. iraï

for irae,

Lucr. 3, 303), f. [kindred to Sanscr. īr, tremere, commoveri; cf.: ir-ya, vigorous; iras-yati, to be angry; Gr. eris, erethô].

Prop., anger, wrath, rage, ire:

ira est libido poeniendi ejus, qui videatur laesisse injuriā,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 21:

ira, quae quamdiu perturbationem habet, dubitationem non habet,

id. ib. 4, 36, 77:

ira furor brevis est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

ira est cupiditas ulciscendae injuriae, Sen. de Ira, 1, 2, 4: facit ira nocentem Hunc sexum,

Juv. 6, 647:

facere aliquid per iram,

in anger, Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 79:

plus irae suae quam utilitati communi paruisse,

to his anger, Nep. Alc. 4, 6:

irā et dolore incensus,

id. Pelop. 5, 4:

irā commotus,

Sall. C. 31, 6:

acuere iram,

id. ib. 12, 590:

attollere,

id. ib. 2, 381:

concipere,

Just. 5, 10:

concitare,

Ov. P. 4, 14, 41:

evomere in aliquem,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 14:

vertere in aliquem,

Hor. Epod. 5, 54:

non sufficit irae occidisse aliquem,

Juv. 15, 169:

indulgere irae,

Liv. 23, 3:

iram exstinguere,

Petr. 94:

contundere,

Col. 6, 2:

frangere,

Quint. 6, 3, 9:

lenire,

id. 3, 8, 12:

ponere,

Hor. A. P. 160:

moderari irae,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 59:

pone irae frena modumque,

Juv. 8, 88:

quantulacumque est occasio, sufficit irae,

id. 13, 183:

dum defervescat ira,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 36, 78: deflagrat, Liv. [p. 1000] 40, 8:

decedit,

Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 55:

irae sunt inter aliquos,

id. And. 3, 3, 20:

ira inter eas intercessit,

id. Hec. 3, 1, 25:

in Romanos, propter obsides nuper interfectos,

Liv. 25, 15, 7:

adversus Romanos,

id. 36, 6, 1:

ira deorum,

Ov. M. 1, 378; Juv. 13, 100:

numinis,

Ov. Tr. 3, 6, 23:

deūm,

Verg. A. 3, 215:

Junonis,

id. ib. 1, 4:

in quorum mente pares sunt Et similes ira atque fames,

Juv. 15, 131.— Plur.:

veteres in Populum Romanum irae,

Liv. 21, 25, 2:

excitare iras,

Verg. A. 2, 594:

horribiles exercere iras,

id. G. 3, 152:

mollire iras,

Liv. 1, 9:

induere,

Stat. Th. 1, 38:

quicquid ex foedere rupto irarum in nos caelestium fuit,

Liv. 9, 1:

iras plumbeas gerere,

heavy, Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 18:

inde irae et lacrimae,

Juv. 1, 168.— With obj.-gen., on account of:

ob iram fugae,

Liv. 27, 7:

amissae praedae,

id. 1, 5:

diremptae pacis,

id. 9, 8; 21, 2; 37, 51:

ereptae virginis,

Verg. A. 2, 413.—So, plur.:

irae imperatorum,

against the commanders, Liv. 8, 30:

cladum,

because of, indignation at, Sil. 12, 271.—

Transf.

A cause of anger, provocation:

aut age, dic aliquam, quae te mutaverit, iram,

Ov. P. 4, 3, 21. —

An object of anger or hatred:

justae quibus est Mezentius irae,

Verg. A. 10, 714 Jan. ad loc.:

Hannibal est irae tibi,

Sil. 11, 604.—

A passion inspired by anger ( poet.):

subit ira cadentem Ulcisci patriam,

Verg. A. 2, 575.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things, violence, impetuosity, fury (mostly poet.):

belli,

Sall. Hist. Fragm. 4, 61, 3 Dietsch:

ira belli desenuit,

id. ib. 1, 93:

flagelli,

Val. Fl. 7, 149:

maris,

id. 1, 37:

dant mucronibus iras,

Sil. 7, 344:

nimborum,

id. 17, 253:

grandinis,

id. 12, 610. —

Personified:

comunt Furor Iraque cristas,

Stat. Th. 3, 424.— Plur.:

Iraeque Insidiaeque, dei (Mavortis) comitatus,

Verg. A. 12, 336:

atraeque genis pallentibus Irae,

Val. Fl. 2, 205; Sil. 4. 437.

păcisco, ĕre, 3, v. n. and a. [collat. form of dep. paciscor, q. v.], to agree, contract, bargain, covenant (class. only in perf. part. pass.): id quoque paciscunt, Naev. ap. Non. 474, 17:

paciscit, obsides ut reddant,

id. ib. 18.—Hence, pactus, a, um, in pass. signif., agreed upon, settled, determined, covenanted, stipulated (class.).

In gen.:

pactum pretium,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:

pacta praemia,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 2:

dies,

id. Cat. 1, 9, 24:

merces,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 22:

foedus,

Cic. Sest. 14, 33:

cum hoste pactae induciae,

id. Off. 1, 10, 33.—In the abl. absol.:

quidam pacto inter se ut victorem res sequeretur, ferro decreverunt,

by agreement, Liv. 28, 21, 5; Sil. 14, 97.—

In partic., betrothed:

haec tibi pacta'st Callicli filia,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 59:

cujus filio pacta est Artavasdis filia,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 2:

alii pacta puella,

Tac. A. 1, 55:

Turnus, cui pacta Lavinia fuerat,

Liv. 1, 2:

conjux,

Verg. A. 10, 722.—Hence, as subst.

pacta, ae, f., a betrothed woman:

gremiis abducere pactas,

Verg. A. 10, 79:

pacta ejus, Menelai filia,

Vell. 1, 1, 3; Juv. 6, 200.—

pactus, i, m., a betrothed husband, a man engaged or promised in marriage:

proles Amissum didicere patrem, Marpissaque pactum,

Stat. Th. 3, 172.—

pactum, i, n., an agreement, covenant, contract, stipulation, compact, pact (cf.:

conventio, pactio, obligatio): pactum est, quod inter aliquos convenit,

Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 68; cf. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:

pacta et promissa semperne servanda sint,

Cic. Off. 3, 24, 92:

mansit in condicione atque pacto,

id. Verr. 1, 6, 16:

pacti et conventi formula,

id. Caecin. 18, 51; cf.:

ex pacto et convento,

id. Att. 6, 3, 1:

pacta conventaque,

Sen. Ben. 3, 15, 1:

stare pacto,

Liv. 9, 11:

pactum violans,

Vulg. Mal. 2, 10 et saep.—Hence (eccl. Lat.), the covenant of God:

dereliquerunt pactum Domini,

Vulg. Deut. 29, 25; id. 3 Reg. 11, 11; id. 2 Par. 6, 14.— Poet.:

sacrum,

i. e. a marriagecontract, Val. Fl. 8, 401; cf. Juv. 6, 25.—

Transf., in gen., abl. pacto (like ratione and modo), manner, way, means (class.):

percontat Aeneas, quo pacto Troiam urbem liquerit,

Naev. Bell. Pun. 2, 1:

si non fecero ei male aliquo pacto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 27; id. Am. prol. 137:

nescio quo pacto semper hoc fit,

how, Cic. Mur. 21, 43; id. Quint. 17:

non tacebo umquam alio pacto, nisi, etc.,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 46:

aliquo pacto verba his dabo,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 13:

quoquo pacto tacito est opus,

id. Ad. 3, 2, 44: si nullo alio pacto, id. Phorm. 2, 1, 71:

alio pacto docere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30:

fieri nullo pacto potest, ut, etc.,

id. Fin. 1, 8, 27; Ter. And. 1, 5, 12:

servi mei si me isto pacto metuerent,

Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17; Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 10; 1, 8, 13:

hoc pacto,

Verg. G. 2, 248.

* * *

* * *

prae-cello, ĕre (collat. form, acc. to the 2d conj.; pres. praecellet, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 13; perh. originally written praecellit), v. a. and n., to rise above others.

Act., to surpass, excel any one (post-Aug.;

syn. antecello): praecellere aliquam fecunditate,

Tac. A. 2, 43; Dig. 50, 2, 6.—

To distinguish one's self, to excel (syn. excello):

ut quisque fortunā utitur, Ita praecellet,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 14:

praecellere mobilitate,

Lucr. 2, 161:

odore et suavitate,

Plin. 15, 21, 23, § 85:

dignitate inter aliquos,

Dig. 2, 14, 8:

praecellere per insignem nobilitatem et eloquentiam,

Tac. A. 3, 24.—

Alicui.

To be superior to, to excel:

mortalibus,

Sil. 15, 74.—

To preside or rule over (Tacitean):

genti,

Tac. A. 12, 15.—Hence, prae-cellens, entis, P. a., surpassing, excellent, eminent, distinguished (class.).

Of persons:

vir et animo et virtute praecellens,

Cic. Balb. 10, 25.— Sup.:

vir omnibus rebus praecellentissimus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 97.—

Of things:

uniones magnitudine praecellentes,

Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 113:

formā praecellente,

id. 7, 53, 54, § 184:

vir ingenii praecellentis,

Gell. 19, 8, 3.— Comp.:

arbor pomo et suavitate praecellentior,

Plin. 12, 6, 12, § 24.

sā̆crāmentum, i, n. [sacro].

In good class. Lat., a jurid. and milit. t. t.

Jurid. t. t., the sum which the two parties to a suit at first deposited, but afterwards became bound for, with the tresviri capitales; so called because the sum deposited by the losing party was used for religious purposes, esp. for the sacra publica; v. Fest. p. 344 Müll.; or, perh. more correctly, because the money was deposited in a sacred place; v. the foll. passage of Varro and Müller's note. (Another reason is given in Isid. Orig. 5, 24 fin.: sacramentum est pignus sponsionis; vocatum autem sacramentum, quia violare, quod quisque promittit, perfidia est): ea pecunia, quae in judicium venit in litibus, sacramentum a sacro. Qui petebat et qui infitiabatur, de aliis rebus utrique quingenos aeris ad pontem deponebant, de aliis rebus item certo alio legitimo numero assum;

qui judicio vicerat, suom sacramentum e sacro auferebat, victi ad aerarium redibat,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 180 Müll. N. cr.: qui prior vindicaverat, dicebat: quando tu injuria vindicavisti, de aeris sacramento te provoco; adversarius quoque dicebat: similiter ego te;

seu L. asses sacramenti nominabant... Postea praedes Praetor ab utroque accipiebat sacramenti, quod id in publicum cedebat,

Gai. Inst. 4, 16; cf. id. ib. 4, 16, § 13 sq.;

95: sacramenti autem nomine id aes dici coeptum est quod et propter aerarii inopiam et sacrorum publicorum multitudinem consumebatur id in rebus divinis,

Fest. p. 344 Müll.: cum in rem aliquam agerent litigatores et poena se sacramenti peterent, poscebant judicem, qui dabatur post trigesimum diem, Pseudo-Ascon. ad. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 26 (p. 164 Orell.):

de multae sacramento consules comitiis centuriatis tulerunt,

Cic. Rep. 2, 35, 60.—

Meton., a cause, a civil suit or process:

decemviri re quaesitā et deliberatā sacramentum nostrum justum judicaverunt,

Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; cf.

transf. in gen.: homines graves, quibuscum tibi justo sacramento contendere, non liceret,

on equal terms, with a fair chance of success, id. de Or. 1, 10, 42: cetera... entechna et arguta adparebunt, ut sacramento contendas mea non esse, lay a wager, i. e. confidently assert, id. Fam. 7, 32, 2:

injustis vindiciis ac sacramentis ali enos fundos petere,

id. Mil. 27, 74: si Xviri [p. 1612] sacramentum in libertatem injustum judicassent, id. Dom. 29, 78.—

Milit. t. t. (cf. infra, 2, the passage from Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36), orig. the preliminary engagement entered into by newly-enlisted troops (this was followed by the proper military oath, jusjurandum, which was at first voluntary, but, after the second Punic war, was demanded by the military tribune): milites tum (i.e. 538 A.U.C.), quod numquam antea factum erat, jurejurando ab tribunis militum adacti milites [jussu consulis conventuros]: nam ad eam diem nihil praeter sacramentum fuerat;

et, ubi ad decuriatum aut centuriatum convenissent, suā voluntate ipsi inter sese decuriati equites, centuriati pedites conjurabant, sese fugae atque formidinis ergo non abituros neque ex ordine recessuros, nisi, etc.... Id ex voluntario inter ipsos foedere ad tribunos ac legitimam juris jurandi adactionem translatum,

Liv. 22, 38, 2 seq. Weissenb. ad loc.; cf. Front. Strat. 4, 1, 4; and v. Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 292 sq.—Hence, since that time,

For jusjurandum, the military oath of allegiance (very freq. and class.):

milites Domitianos sacramentum apud se dicere jubet,

to take the oath of allegiance, Caes. B. C. 1, 23; so,

sacramentum dicere,

id. ib. 1, 86 fin.:

quos consulis sacramento rogavisset,

id. B. G. 6, 1:

sacramentum dicere alicui,

Tac. A. 1, 28; and in a like signif. in Livy: sacramento (abl.) dicere, Liv. 2, 24 fin.; 4, 53; 25, 5; 41, 5 fin.:

sacramento dicere alicui,

id. 24, 8: ut omnes minores quinquaginta annis sacramento (abl.) rogaret, should administer the oath of allegiance to them, swear them in, id. 40, 26; so,

rogare (aliquos) sacramento,

id. 32, 26; 35, 2; Quint. 12, 2, 26;

in a like sense: adigere sacramento aliquos,

Liv. 4, 5; 7, 11; 9, 29; Tac. A. 1, 37; id. H. 1, 55:

adigere aliquos sacramento Othonis,

id. ib. 1, 76:

Vitellii,

id. ib. 2, 55:

Vespasiani,

id. ib. 2, 79:

adigere aliquos sacramento in nomen senatūs,

Suet. Galb. 16:

sacramento aliquem tenere... sacramento tenere,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32; cf.:

secundo eum obliget militiae sacramento, quia, priore amisso, jure cum hostibus pugnare non poterat,

Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (in which passage the primary jurid. signif. is alluded to):

ex quibus (legionibus) aetate aut valetudine fessi sacramento solvebantur,

Tac. A. 16, 13 fin.:

legionibus, quae sacramentum mutaverant, in paenitentiam conversis,

i. e. had revolted, Suet. Claud. 13; cf.:

paenitentia mutati sacramenti,

id. Galb. 10:

alicujus sacramentum exuere,

Tac. H. 3, 42:

hoc sacramento (viz. in the service of Bacchus) initiatos juvenes milites faciendos censetis?

Liv. 39, 15.—

Transf., in gen., an oath, a solemn obligation or engagement (mostly post-Aug.):

ut sacramento contendas mea non esse,

Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 2:

non ego perfidum Dixi sacramentum: ibimus, ibimus, etc.,

Hor. C. 2, 17, 10:

in verba Eumolpi sacramentum juravimus,

Petr. 117, 5:

amicitiae sacramentum delevi,

id. 80, 4:

sacramento quodam nexi,

Just. 20, 4, 14:

se sacramento obstringere, ne, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 10, 96 (97), 7:

si quod inesset mutis animalibus tacitum ac naturale sacramentum,

App. M. 3, p. 140, 31.—

In eccl. and late Lat., something to be kept sacred.

A secret:

sacramentum regis abscondere,

Vulg. Tob. 12, 7.—

The gospel revelation: nolite verba, cum sacramentum meum Erit canendum, providenter quaerere, Prud. steph. 10,15.—

A mystery:

sacramentum stellarum,

Vulg. Apoc. 1, 20:

pietatis,

id. 1 Tim. 3, 16; Lact. 7, 24; Aug. de Agone Christi, 24.—

A sacrament:

signa, cum ad res divinas pertinent, sacramenta appellantur,

Aug. Ep. 138:

baptismi,

id. Doctr. Christ. 3, 13:

sanguinis Christi,

id. Ep. ad Bonif. 98, 9:

(matrimonii),

Vulg. Eph. 5, 32.—

The office of the ministry:

Athanasium episcopum... coctus in unum quaesitus (synodus ut appellant) removit a sacramento quod obtinebat,

Amm. 15, 7, 7.

concĭlĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [concilium].

To bring together several objects into one whole, to unite, connect (class. in prose and poetry, not in Hor.).

Prop. (thus several times in Lucr. of the union of atoms):

primordia Non ex illarum conventu conciliata,

not formed by the union of separate parts, Lucr. 1, 612; 2, 901:

dispersa,

id. 6, 890:

omnia in alto,

id. 5, 466; cf. also id. 1, 1042; 2, 552.—Of physical union of other kinds:

traduces bini inter se obvii miscentur alliganturque unā conciliati,

Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 211;

of medic. mixtures: gramen hyoscyami cerae,

to mix, Ser. Samm. 40, 754.—

Of the fulling of cloth:

vestimentum,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 43 Müll.—

Trop.

To unite in thought or feeling, to make friendly, to procure the favor of, to make inclined to, to gain, win over; constr. aliquos inter se, aliquem alicui or absol. (in this sense very freq.).

Aliquos inter se:

quin res publica nos inter nos conciliatura conjuncturaque sit,

Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 2; so,

conciliare et conjungere homines inter se,

id. Off. 1, 16, 50:

feras inter sese,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 63.—

Aliquem ( aliquid) alicui:

conciliare sibi, avertere ab adversario judicem,

Quint. 6, 1, 11:

quas (legiones) sibi conciliare pecuniā cogitabat,

Cic. Fam. 12, 23, 2:

Pammenem sibi similitudine fortunae,

Tac. A. 16, 14:

homines sibi,

Nep. Ages. 2 fin.; id. Them. 10, 1:

simulatque natum sit animal, ipsum sibi conciliari et commendari ad se conservandum,

Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 16:

eam civitatem Arvernis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 7; cf.:

reliquas civitates amicitia Caesari,

id. B. C. 3, 55 fin.:

per quam (causam) cum universo ordini tum primoribus se patrum concilient,

Liv. 4, 48, 9:

arma sibi,

Verg. A. 10, 151:

deos homini,

Ov. F. 1, 337:

audientem exordio,

Quint. 8, prooem. 11:

judicem probationibus nostris,

id. 4, 3, 9:

Maurorum animos Vitellio,

Tac. H. 2, 58; cf.:

quas res quosque homines quibus rebus aut quibus hominibus vel conciliasset vel alienasset ipsa natura,

Quint. 5, 10, 17: omne animal primum constitutioni suae conciliari, i. e. governs itself in accordance with, etc., Sen. Ep. 124, 14; cf. id. ib. §

15 sqq.: primum sibi ipsum conciliatur animal,

id. ib. §

17: frui iis rebus, quas primas homini natura conciliet,

Cic. Ac. 2, 42, 131; cf. conciliatio, I. B. 2.—Without dat.:

conciliabat ceteros reges,

Nep. Hann. 10, 2; so,

accusatorem,

Quint. 6, 1, 12:

conciliare, docere, movere judicem,

id. 11, 1, 61; cf. id. 2, 5, 7; 3, 9, 7:

plures,

Tac. A. 15, 51:

animos hominum,

Cic. Off. 2, 5, 17; cf. id. de Or. 3, 53, 204:

animum judicis,

Quint. 4, 1, 25; cf.:

animos judicum (opp. alienare),

id. 11, 1, 8:

animos plebis,

Liv. 1, 35, 2:

animos militum pollicitationibus,

Suet. Oth. 6; cf. Tac. H. 1, 18, —

( Aliquem) ad aliquid: Labienum praefecit togatae, quo majore commendatione conciliaretur ad consulatūs petitionem, Auct. B. G. 8, 52.—

Absol.:

nihil est ad conciliandum gratius verecundiā,

Quint. 11, 3, 161:

conciliare, narrare,

id. 3, 4, 15.—

= commendo, to represent something to one as agreeable, pleasant, etc., i. e. to recommend:

et dictis artes conciliasse suas,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 42.—

With acc. and dat. (aliquid alicui) or absol., to procure, provide, prepare, produce something for one.

With physical objects.

Of the procuring of a maiden, an object of love, in an honorable and (more freq.) in a dishonorable sense, to unite, procure, couple (cf. Lucr. 5, 961):

tute ad eum adeas, tute concilies, tute poscas,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 111:

num me nupsisti conciliante seni?

Ov. Am. 1, 13, 42:

conciliata viro,

Cat. 68, 130:

existimabatur Servilia etiam filiam suam Tertiam Caesari conciliare,

to give as a mistress, Suet. Caes. 50:

cum ei dignatio Juliā genitam Atiam conciliasset uxorem,

Vell. 2, 59, 2.—Once with ad:

a tuā me uxore dicam delatum, ut sese ad eum conciliarem,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206.—

To procure, obtain by purchase or otherwise, to purchase, acquire, win, gain:

illum mihi,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 25; cf.:

male habiti et male conciliati,

i. e. at a bad bargain, id. Ps. 1, 2, 1:

prodi, male conciliate,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 2: Mi. Estne empta mihi haec? Pe. His legibus habeas licet, Conciliavisti pulcre, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 39 sq.:

ut tibi recte conciliandi primo facerem copiam,

a chance for a good bargain, id. Pers. 4, 3, 69:

si ullo pacto ille (filius) huc conciliari potest,

can be brought here, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 22 (cf. id. ib. prol. 33):

HS. viciens ex hoc uno genere,

to extort, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58, § 142; cf.

pecunias,

id. ib. 2, 2, 55, § 137; 2, 3, 30, § 71; 2, 3, 84, § 194;

and, in a more gen. sense: summum bonum esse frui rebus iis, quas primas natura conciliavisset,

id. Ac. 2, 42, 131.—

With abstr. objects, to cause, bring about, procure, acquire, make, produce, etc.:

affinitatem et gratiam,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 42; cf.

gratiam,

Suet. Calig. 3:

pacem inter cives,

Cic. Fam. 10, 27, 1; cf. Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 2:

amorem sibi,

Cic. Arch. 8, 17; cf. id. de Or. 2, 51, 206:

favorem ad vulgum,

Liv. 29, 22, 8; cf.:

favorem populi,

Suet. Caes. 11:

amicitiam cum aliquo,

Cic. Deiot. 14, 39:

gloriam,

id. Mur. 20, 41:

laudem,

Quint. 2, 7, 4:

dignitatem auctoribus suis,

Tac. Or. 9:

famam clementiae,

Liv. 21, 60, 4:

majestatem nomini Romano,

id. 29, 11, 4:

odium,

Quint. 5, 13, 38; 6, 2, 16:

risus,

to cause, id. 6, 3, 35:

otium,

Nep. Timol. 3, 2:

otii nomine servitutem,

id. Epam. 5, 3:

nuptias,

to bring about, id. Att. 5, 3; Just. 7, 6, 10; cf.:

jugales toros,

Stat. S. 3, 5, 70.—Hence, concĭlĭātus, a, um, P. a. (in acc. with I. B.), friendly; in partic. in a pass. sense.

Beloved:

(Hasdrubal) flore aetatis primo Hamilcari conciliatus,

Liv. 21, 2, 3:

juvenis aetatis flore conciliatus sibi,

Curt. 7, 9, 19; cf. Suet. Vit. Ter. 1; id. Vit. 7.—In sup.:

est nobis conciliatissimus,

Symm. Ep. 9, 37.—

In an act. sense, favorably inclined, devoted, favorable to something; comp.:

ut judex ad rem accipiendam fiat conciliatior,

Quint. 4, 2, 24:

(homo) voluptati a naturā conciliatus, a dolore autem abjunctus alienatusque est,

Gell. 12, 5, 18.— Adv. not in use.